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niranting

Belief Arbitrage

This is a 3 part essay.

Part 1: Talent

In my teenage years, I first understood that the kind of family you’re born into gives you access to certain kinds of wealth e.g. money, network, habits/knowledge and social capital to do things you want.

Most people in my peer group and even among the adults I could speak to, used these resources to make their own life materially more comfortable.

This is precisely what I wanted: material comforts, but unfortunately, I couldn’t die and pick a family to be born again in. So I kept looking for other means and ways in which I could make it work for me.

So I went hunting. I read a few biographies, centered across genres but mostly dead people viewed from specific lenses of entrepreneurship, learning, politics and the like. I also actively sought out and spoke to people in their 30s and 40s in careers similar to mine.

I realised that sheer raw talent and finding a way to apply those talents is also a unique form of arbitrage. It makes people blissful in what we’d now popularly call flow state. The happiest people I met were craftsmen and had high mastery. They also had a reasonable degree of autonomy over their own shape of the day.

I was also in my early 20s by this and realized that I wanted to optimize for more control of my day and mental energy, and was more than happy to trade off some x% wealth over this.

“Eureka!”, I finally thought to myself. I’d at last found a way, a strategy - if not a playbook which might work for me.

The plan was arguably incredibly simple and had only 2 parts:

  1. be good at a specific craft, which is in demand (Machine Learning for me)
    • be good
      • implies that you need to be at least in the top 2000 people in your age group for that craft
    • in demand - implies that there should be at least 10K people in that craft already across the globe and different skill levels and a mechanism for them to move out i.e. retirement, outdated, or similar
      • people who matter should know that you’re a skilled craftsman
      • my work is recommended by the likes of Andrew Ng, Paul Romer and a NLP book which has sold over 1K copies.

I think it’d be fair that I executed this strategy of sorts to the best of my then-ability.

In hindsight, I could’ve definitely done 5-10x more but we’ll leave regrets/lessons for a separate essay to retain the cheery narrative nature of this first person essay.

If there is something you want to take away from this essay, it is this: Talent is a valid form of advantage, but not everyone can monetize/utilize this well.

Part 2: Genius

To recap, talent is one’s ability to do something extremely well. I also argued that talent is the only form or advantage which I thought I could build to get material wealth in life.

To me, the idea that Genius can be translated to material wealth is an axiomatic belief. So we’ll not dwell on whether Genius is useful or not.

In the late 2000s, a young man would show up every week with the same idea for approval from the management of this rapidly growing Internet startup. He had previously quit his job at an prestigious consulting company and closed those doors behind him by going to a smaller startup in a completely different role.

For the idea which he had a lot of faith in, he was willing to bet this career and if not, at least his future prospects at that company. His bet? A new Internet explorer toolbar, which would ensure that users could find Google Search more easily and quickly. The man was Sundar Pichai.

To many, that is and was a move of genius. This was a genius of not just invention, but also business, technology and user psychology. There is more than one flavour of genius for sure.

Let’s begin by understanding what we mean by genius first.

Our cultural understanding of intellectual excellence, or more popularly, genius is extremely limited – and dare I say, harmful. We limit these to inventors, mathematical prodigies and their ilk.

Alexey Guzey talks about this cultural misunderstanding here: https://guzey.com/intelligence-killed-genius/

I know a few people who I believe to be geniuses. What happens when I tell them that I believe they’re a genius? They all tell me that there are people smarter than them and that they’re “only pretty good at one or two things”

bitch this is exactly what genius is.

Genius isn’t limited to the ability to solve puzzles, or do rapid arithmetic, or Sheldon’s eccentric quirks.

Genius is having the ability, no – the advantage, to see things which others can’t see.

To me, as someone of not-superhuman intelligence, the question is this then:

“How do I make the leap from Talent to Genius?”

The answer is in the Alexey Guzey essay itself: genius is having a vision.

In sports, the line between talent and genius is often blurred. Is Michael Jordan a really talented player, or a genius for exploiting the blind spots of referees to his advantage?

It’s being able to make bets and act on them with unparalleled insight. It’s executing. It’s doing something which escapes the imagination of most people in the know. It’s a taste for what could work, without being bound by tradition.

As Arthur Schopenhauer summarized: Talent hits a target no one else can hit; Genius hits a target no one else can see.

Part 3: Courage

We touched upon a question of interest to us:

“How do I make the leap from Talent to Genius?”

I don’t have a complete answer yet. So let me offer the part of the puzzle which I am very confident about: Courage.

It’s a key ingredient, a necessary catalyst for one to make the leap from one to another.

A natural question follows, what do we mean by courage? How do you recognize courage?

Of course, there is the Die Hard version of running into a gun nest. That is a subset of courage.

Courage also has some other flavors. Many of us recognize them almost instantly in the form of honor and duty.

The other smell for spotting courage is the acting on something despite fear and/or knowledge of harsh consequences. Many outsized entrepreneurial and military ventures are built with this courage.

There is also a lot of courage which stems from not caring about what people have to say. To neither be bound by shackles of history or tradition, but also respect Chesterton’s Fence.

It frees you to learn about reality from other people, but not be bound to the reality of today. An ability to envision a future state which others don’t imagine.

Pressfield’s Resistance is the most dangerous element to one's life and dreams since its sole mission is to sabotage aspirations. The first step to fighting Resistance is knowing that you can, and you can win a battle here and another there.

That is empowering you to action. That is a form of courage.

It frees you to make bets that’d make others shiver in fear of uncertainty. It frees you to act in ways congruent to your values and aspirations. To seek truth, beauty and craft above all else.

For a craftsman mindset, to do their best work, the ideal state is where they can act freely. For that specific form of high agency, courage is a key ingredient, a catalyst. Without courage, no talent can truly do their best work. The leap is impossible from Talent to Genius.

Courage in any flavor: pride, duty, honor, self-confidence is a foundational belief.

This is a belief that not only is something achievable - but there might be a means and methods to do so. It is a specific form of Arbitrage against Reality. An advantage which you, my dear talented friend, now have over others that don’t have the conviction, or the courage.

Character is Net Worth

A useful metaphor to think about character of a person is their financial “net worth”. Like your net worth, this does not mean that you have that much cash to spend. It is a sum total of something.

Net Worth is the Sum Total of the Assets & Liabilities

Character is the Sum Total of the Decisions you Own: Good and Bad

Like your Net Worth can be negative due to a large liability e.g. debt, your Character can be on shaky grounds in uncertain times. This is not necessarily a bad thing. It’s only through debt (cash infusion more precisely) that businesses grow — and it’s only through uncertain times that Outstanding Character is built.

Compounding

Character, like your Net Worth takes time to compound. If you break the momentum e.g. by shying away from tough decisions-you’ll have to take a heavy hit.

Much like Net Worth, Character can be re-allocated. In fact the only way grow it, is to take risks and make decisions fraught with moral/ethical complexities.

Freedom

The upside of having outstanding character is that it’s freeing. If you can trust yourself that you will not succumb to specific temptations. If you know that you won’t get caught in elaborate traps set by demons, you can go where even angels fear to tread. It deepens with which you can embrace the world and yet stay untarnished with it’s malice. You can walk among King and it’s impostor courtiers in the morning and yet not lose touch with the common folk.

Sharing

Someone can steal your money. Or you can give it away. Share it with your loved ones as well.

Character is as much as part of your body as your DNA—hard to steal or give it away. It is for you. You cannot inherit it wholly. You cannot transfer it wholly.

You might ask, but what if I endorse someone ?

It’s time we talked about Reputation, and what sets it apart from character. Like character, Reputation takes years to compound. But the similarities end there.

Reputation is Insurance

The apt metaphor for reputation is that it’s a form of insurance. If you fuck up, or the fates are unkind on you—your reputation insulates you from certain kinds of damages.

Having a good reputation gives you a chance for a do-over. A good character actually gives you the strength to ask, earn and make that do-over work

Shared and Specific

Reputation, much like insurance is often expanded to cover others. For instance, Venture Capital is a game which employs endorsements and introductions.

Moreover, it can be specific e.g. professional, personal, family and so on. Much like insurance, you have to keep showing up so ensure that it doesn’t deplete or expire.

The other thing is, reputations are built on the perception that others have of you—thus it’s that more fickle. Not only can people be fools, their perceptions are influenced by what they think of themselves more than what you are.

People—are black mirrors. They do reflect what you are, but they tint it with their own world view. That is why reputations are always distorted

But the decision that defines us: You can either be someone, or do something.

Being someone means that you decide in favour of how your decision will be perceived—and this enables your reputation to survive and grow. Doing something implies that you risk your reputation so that you can act in consistency with your own internal validation.

Identity is Debt

Things which you consider “innate” to you or parts of your identity is debt. The longer something is part of your identity, the more likely is someone will use it to make you a slave to their ideas.

An abstract example: consider the political polarization today. I can bet that large fraction of people on both sides are good, well meaning individuals. So where does the vitriol come from? Hacking parts of your identity e.g. “progressive”, “christian”, “patriotic”, “nationalistic” to their own ends. They persuade you to abandon your own ideals!

The earlier in your life these ideas/ideals were taught to you—the more insidiously they are part of your own identity. This is debt, and whether you believe it or not, someone will come and collect on it. They’ll make you act in ways which are even harmful to you over the long term.

Since identity is consisted primarily of self-perception, you only need decide and commit to pay off this debt and you’ll be on your way. It does not require consultation—or even cooperation from anyone but your future self.

Be proactive, pay off your debts. Keep Your Identity Small.

Three to Take Away

If I were to distill pragmatic financial advice into 3 points, it’d be this:

  1. Build Wealth
  2. Insure against rare but plausible events
  3. Don’t take crap debt

Drawing an analogy, I propose the pragmatic choices are these:

  1. Build Character Wealth
  2. Build a Reputation
  3. Keep your Identity Small

Fail Resume

A fail resume is, as its name suggests, a list of rejections and setbacks.

This concept originated in academia, but can be applied to improve one’s career, resilience, and approach to challenges in any walk of life.

I’ve organized my setbacks by year (starting with 2016), and what constitutes a “failure” (or fail) here is based solely on my own judgement. It’s important to not only list the failures, but also learn from them, so I will add reflections to some of them (in progress).

2021

  • Never heard back from Forethought.ai, Coinbase. Had applied via the cold form on their websites.
  • Rejected by Flowrite because they could not afford me
  • Ghosted by XFlowPay in mid-August
  • Ghosted by Google Recruiter in July

2020

  • Rejected by UMass, UW, CMU Language Technolog, UCB MIMS, and bunch of other Grad school programs because of a bad recco
  • Lesson Learnt: Never trust an American
  • Sahil, the Product Manager and Verloop and Piyush, the CTO at Verloop quit -- atleast in part because I think I overwhelmed them
  • Got cold-rejected by someone I thought it'd work out with romantically

2019

  • Spent 6 weeks prototyping a solution at Verloop.io which doesn't break even on cost
  • Lesson Learnt: In Enterprise SaaS, never write any code before someone tells you what they are willing to pay for that
  • Tried to get better at DevOps, but ultimately could not because of lack of discipline

2018

  • Did not even get interview callbacks from my favourite NLP Company at the time: Rasa
  • Had to quit Soroco because of lack of opportunities to grow internally. Really loved the crew, which was smart but not agile or humble
  • Did not even apply to GoJek, Linkedin and Swiggy's kickass Data Science teams
  • Lesson learnt: Be proactive. Take moonshots. Setting an upper-cap on your ambitions is kinda stupid

2017

  • Samsung: Filed for two patents -- which despite being selected, eventually never materialised

2016

  • Did not even clear Amazon's first programming round on campus

Inspired from Katherine Huang's Fail Resume